V-te irasshaimasu (て いらっしゃいます): Beginner Guide to Honorific “-ing” in Japanese

level2 (N4)
V-te irasshaimasu (て いらっしゃいます): Beginner Guide to Honorific “-ing” in Japanese
Source: gokigen japanese official YouTube Channel

Introduction

Need to say “Professor Tanaka is reading” or “The CEO is on the phone” politely?

Use the honorific progressive form V-て いらっしゃいます.

This pattern upgrades the regular V-ています (“is doing”) into respectful speech for someone above you.

Let’s learn how it works!

1. Structure & Meaning

Pattern: verb-て + いらっしゃいます
Meaning: “[respected person] is/are …-ing”

Plain (neutral)TranslationHonorific
読よんでいますis reading読んでいらっしゃいます
電話でんわしていますis calling電話していらっしゃいます
住すんでいますlives (is living)住んでいらっしゃいます

Remember that V-ている can mean both an ongoing action (‘is reading’) and a continuous state (‘is living’).

V-て いらっしゃいます applies to both.

Think of いらっしゃいます as the honorific replacement for います in progressive sentences.


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2. How to Form It

  1. Put the verb in its -て form.
  2. Replace います with いらっしゃいます.
  3. Conjugate いらっしゃいます only when you need negative or past (rare in practice).
Basete-form+ いらっしゃいます
読よむ (to read)読んで読んでいらっしゃいます (is reading)
話はなす (to speak)話して話していらっしゃいます (is speaking)
勉強べんきょうする (to study)勉強して勉強していらっしゃいます (is studying)

Negative & Past (handy to recognise)

  • Negative: 読んで いらっしゃいません (is not reading)
  • Past: 読んで いらっしゃいました (was reading)

3. Example Sentences

社長しゃちょうは今いま 電話でんわしていらっしゃいます。
The president is on the phone right now.


山下先生やましたせんせい、おひさしぶりです。まだ英語えいごを教おしえていらっしゃいますか。
Hello, Professor Yamashita. It’s been a while. Are you still teaching English?


三年前さんねんまえ、社長しゃちょうは京都きょうとに住すんでいらっしゃいました。
Three years ago, our CEO was living in Kyoto.


先生せんせいは夕食ゆうしょくを召めし上あがっていらっしゃいます。
The teacher is eating dinner.


社長しゃちょうのお子こさんは今いま、働はたらいていらっしゃいません。
The CEO’s child is currently not working/employed.


4. Practice Time!

Change each plain progressive into V-て いらっしゃいます.

Plain cueMeaningHonorific answer
先生せんせいは話はなしています。The teacher is speaking.先生は話していらっしゃいます。
部長ぶちょうは新聞しんぶんを読よんでいます。The manager is reading the newspaper.部長は新聞を読んでいらっしゃいます。
先生せんせい、私わたしを覚おぼえていますか。Do you remember me, professor?先生、私を覚えていらっしゃいますか。

Challenge: Convert these yourself:
① 先生せんせいはピアノを弾ひいていません。
② 社長しゃちょうは資料しりょうを準備じゅんびしていました。

5. Common Mistakes

MistakeWhy it’s wrongFix
△ 社長が話しています。Uses plain ています—sounds blunt.✓ 社長が話していらっしゃいます。
The president is speaking.
× 私はマンガを読んでいらっしゃいます。Never honorify your own action.✓ 私はマンガを読んでいます。
I’m reading a manga.

6. FAQ

Q
Can I use V-て いらっしゃいます for continuous states, like “is living” or “is married”?
A

Yes, absolutely! Just like the plain V-ています form, V-て いらっしゃいます can express both ongoing actions and continuous states.

Example: 先生は結婚していらっしゃいますか。 (Sensei wa kekkon shite irasshaimasu ka?) – “Is the teacher married?”

Q
Is there a simpler, more versatile honorific progressive form I can use if I forget V-て いらっしゃいます?
A

Yes, a safe and correct fallback is to use the お + verb stem + になっています pattern (the continuous form of お〜になる). While V-て いらっしゃいます is often smoother and more common for basic verbs, お〜になっています is universally applicable.

  • Example: 先生は本を読んでいらっしゃいます。 (Standard and smooth)
  • Alternative: 先生は本をお読みになっています。 (Correct and polite)
Q
How do I make V-て いらっしゃいます negative or past tense?
A

You conjugate いらっしゃいます just like a regular ます-form verb:

  • Negative: 〜て いらっしゃいません (e.g., 読んでいらっしゃいません – isn’t reading)
  • Past: 〜て いらっしゃいました (e.g., 読んでいらっしゃいました – was reading)
  • Negative Past: 〜て いらっしゃいませんでした (e.g., 読んでいらっしゃいませんでした – wasn’t reading)
Q
Can I use V-て いらっしゃいます to talk about myself or my family?
A

No, you must not. This is a critical rule for all honorifics (Sonkeigo). V-て いらっしゃいます is used only for the actions of someone you are honoring (your superior, client, teacher, etc.). When talking about your own or your in-group’s (e.g., family members, colleagues from your own company) actions, you should use plain polite forms or, more appropriately, humble language (謙譲語 – Kenjōgo).

Q
What’s the main difference between V-て いらっしゃいます and V-て おられます?
A

Both V-て いらっしゃいます and V-て おられます function as honorific progressive forms meaning “is doing.” However, their usage carries different nuances and levels of acceptance among Japanese speakers.

  • V-て いらっしゃいます: This is the standard and universally accepted honorific progressive form in modern polite Japanese. It is always safe and natural to use in any formal or polite context.
  • V-て おられます: While grammatically defensible and commonly heard, especially in Western Japan (Kansai dialect) where おる is used more widely as a general verb, its use as an honorific can be contentious. According to a survey by Japan’s Agency for Cultural Affairs, over 30% of respondents said that “oraremasu” is often used incorrectly.

Conclusion

With V-て いらっしゃいます you can:

  • ✅ Turn any ongoing action into an honorific statement
  • ✅ Respectfully describe what superiors are doing right now
  • ✅ Avoid common pitfalls like honorifying yourself

Practice transforming everyday “-ています” sentences, and soon your respectful Japanese will flow naturally!

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